Carbon dot nanomaterials (CDNs) have emerged as a sought-after class of nanomaterials with a broad spectrum of applications in various fields. These highly fluorescent nanoparticles exhibit unique optical, electronic, and catalytic properties that stem from their intrinsic structure and surface chemistry. The tunable size, shape, and compositi

Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconducting nanocrystals with unique optical and electronic properties that make them highly desirable for a variety of applications. However, their full potential can be further leveraged by tailoring their surfaces to achieve specific functionalities. Surface modification allows for the attachment of functional groups or